Major Figures/Contributors to the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence

Here is a list of some of the most influential figures and contributors to the advancement of artificial intelligence:

Early Pioneers

1. Alan Turing (1912-1954): Proposed the Turing Test, a measure of a machine's ability to exhibit intelligent behavior equivalent to, or indistinguishable from, that of a human.

2. Marvin Minsky (1927-2016): Developed the first neural network simulator and wrote the book "Perceptrons," which introduced the concept of multi-layer neural networks.

3. John McCarthy (1927-2011): Coined the term "artificial intelligence" and organized the 1956 Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence.

4. Frank Rosenblatt (1928-1971): Developed the perceptron, a type of feedforward neural network.

Machine Learning and Deep Learning

1. David Rumelhart (1942-2011): Developed the backpropagation algorithm, a key component of neural networks.

2. Yann LeCun (1960-present): Developed the convolutional neural network (CNN) and is a founding researcher of the deep learning movement.

3. Yoshua Bengio (1964-present): Developed the long short-term memory (LSTM) network and is a founding researcher of the deep learning movement.

4. Geoffrey Hinton (1947-present): Developed the backpropagation algorithm and is a founding researcher of the deep learning movement.

Natural Language Processing and Computer Vision

1. Noam Chomsky (1928-present): Developed the theory of generative grammar, which laid the foundation for natural language processing.

2. Fred Jelinek (1932-2010): Developed the first speech recognition system and was a pioneer in natural language processing.

3. David Marr (1945-1980): Developed the theory of computer vision and was a pioneer in the field of artificial intelligence.

4. Jürgen Schmidhuber (1963-present): Developed the long short-term memory (LSTM) network and is a pioneer in the field of deep learning.

Robotics and Expert Systems

1. Hans Moravec (1948-present): Developed the first autonomous robot and is a pioneer in the field of robotics.

2. Rodney Brooks (1954-present): Developed the first autonomous robot and is a pioneer in the field of robotics.

3. Edward Feigenbaum (1936-present): Developed the first expert system, called DENDRAL, and is a pioneer in the field of artificial intelligence.

4. John McDermott (1942-present): Developed the first commercial expert system and is a pioneer in the field of artificial intelligence.

Modern AI

1. Andrew Ng (1976-present): Developed the Google Brain deep learning project and is a pioneer in the field of AI education.

2. Fei-Fei Li (1975-present): Developed the ImageNet dataset and is a pioneer in the field of computer vision.

3. Demis Hassabis (1976-present): Co-founded DeepMind and developed the AlphaGo AI system.

4. Ian Goodfellow (1985-present): Developed the generative adversarial network (GAN) and is a pioneer in the field of deep learning.

Sources & References

  • A Brief History of Artificial Intelligence by John McCarthy
  • A History of Artificial Intelligence by Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig
  • The AI Winter by Roger Schank
  • Deep Learning by Ian Goodfellow, Yoshua Bengio, and Aaron Courville
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